tho;f;ifapd; mbg;gilahf miktJ kdpjNeak; MFk;. ,k;kdpjNeaj;Js; md;G> ,uf;fk;> jpahfk;> nghWg;G Mfpait mlq;Fk;. kdpjNeaj;Jf;F mbg;gilahf miktJ md;G. mt;td;G tpiykjpf;f ,ayhj mzpfydhf tpsq;FfpwJ. “md;igtplg; gzptpidj; juty;yJ vd NtW vjidAk; fw;gid nra;J $lg;ghu;f;f KbahJ” vd;ghu; fhe;jpabfs;. mt;td;Ng Md;k Neaj;jpw;F mbg;gilahf mikfpwJ. rfkdpju;fs; kPJ fhl;lg;gLk; fUiziaAk; md;igAk; kdpjNeak; (Humanity) vd;Wk; midj;J capu;fsplKk; fhl;Lk; md;ig capu;Neak; (Compassion) my;yJ Md;kNeak; vd;Wk; nfhs;tu;. ,ul;ilf;fhg;gpaj;Js; xd;whf tpsq;Fk; rpyg;gjpfhuk; fhl;Lk; Md;k Near;rpe;jidia vLj;Jiug;gNj ,f;fl;Liuapd; Nehf;fkhFk;.

md;Gjhd; ,d;gj;jpd; Cw;Wf;fz;zhfj; jpfo;fpwJ. ,jidj; njhy;fhg;gpau;>

Mwwp tJNt mtw;NwhL kdNd-njhy;. (kugpay; 27)

vd;W tpsf;Ffpwhu;. gpw capu;fisf; fhl;bYk; MwhtJ mwpit gFj;jwpAk; mwpit ngw;wtu;fs; kdpju;fs;. mt;twpT kdNjhL njhlu;Gnfhz;lJ vd;gJ njhy;fhg;gpau; fUj;J. kdpjid kdpjdhf epiyepWj;JtJ kdk;. vdNt jhd; jpUts;Stu;>

kdeyk; kd;Dapu;f;F Mf;fk; ,deyk;

vy;yhg; GfOk; jUk;. (Fws;. 457)

vd;W jdpkdpj kdq;fspd; ,ay;igf; $Wtjd; topahf jpUts;Stu; cau;e;j vz;zq;fisr; rpe;jpj;J mtw;wpd; top elf;f Ntz;ba ,deyj;ijAk; $Wfpwhu;. mw ,yf;fpaq;fs; kl;Lkd;wp fhg;gpaq;fSk; kdpj Neaj;jpd; ciwtplkhfj; jpfo;fpd;wd. ,ul;ilf;fg;gpaq;fSs; xd;whd rpyg;gjpfhuk; rKjhaj;jpy; cau;e;j nry;tr; nropg;G kpf;f FLk;gj;jpd; fijia vLj;Jiuf;Fk; Nghf;fpy; gy tho;tpay; mwf;fUj;Jf;fisAk; vLj;Jr;nry;tijf; fhzyhk;. rpyg;gjpfhuk; $Wk; %d;W cz;ikfSs; xd;whd “murpay; gpioj;NjhUf;F mwk; $w;wk;” vd;Dk; $w;W  r%fNeaj;ij kpFjpahf typAWj;JfpwJ.

Md;kNeak;

rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpy; kf;fs; eyidg; Nghw;Wk; tifapNyNa ,aw;ifiaAk;> ehL> ehfiuAk; ,sq;Nfhtbfs; Nghw;Wfpwhu;.

jpq;fisg; Nghw;WJk; jpq;fisg; Nghw;WJk;

nfhq;fyu;jhu;r; nrd;dp Fspu;ntz; FilNghd;W ,t;

mq;fz; cyfspj;j yhd;.

QhapW Nghw;WJk; QhapW Nghw;WJk;

fhtpup ehld; jpfpupNghy; nghw;Nfhl;L

NkU tyk; jpupjyhd;

khkio Nghw;WJk; khkio Nghw;WJk;

ehkePu; Ntyp cyfpw;F mtd;mspNghy;

Nky;epd;W jhd;Ruj;j yhd; (rpyk;:1: 1-9)

,g;ghlypy; jpq;fs;> QhapW> khkio Mfpa ,aw;ifiag; Nghw;Wtijf;fhzyhk;.  kd;Dapu;fs; nropj;Njhq;f ,t;tpaw;if topNfhYtjhy; ,aw;ifiag; Nghw;Wfpd;whu;. vdNt rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpy; Md;k Neaf; Nfhl;ghL ,lk;ngWtijf; fhzyhk;. NkYk;> Gfhu; efupd; rpwg;igAk; mq;F tho;e;j gytiff; Fbapdu; Fwpj;Jf; $Wk;gFjpapYk; Md;k Near; rpe;jid ,lk; ngWfpd;wd.

$Dk; FwSk; CKk; nrtpLk;

mOFnka; ahsUk;KOfpdu; Mbg;

gOJjpy; fhl;rp ed;dpwk; ngw;W (,. tp C.fh.118-120)

vd;Dk; mbfspy; $du;> FUlu;> Cikau;> nrtplu;> cly; mOFk; njhO Nehahsu; Nghd;wtu;fs; ,yQ;rp kd;wj;jpYs;s ngha;ifapy; ePuhbaNghJ cly; Cdk; ePq;fp Fzk; mile;jdu; vd;gijr; rpyk;G fhl;LfpwJ. NkYk; ghk;Gf;fbgl;Nlhu;> tplj;ij mWe;jp Jd;GWNthu;> Ngapdhy; Jd;gk; milNthu; midtUk; ,yQ;rp kd;wj;ij tyk;te;J tzq;f midj;J JaUk; ePq;Fk;. ,t;thW kf;fSf;Fj; Jd;gk; tpistpf;fhj ehl;ilg; gw;wp ,sq;Nfhtbfs; $Wfpwhu;. ,jpy; Md;kNear; rpe;jidiaf; fhzKbfpwJ.

,uf;fk;

Gfhu;f;fhz;lk; Ntdpw;fhijapy; Nfhtyidg; gpupe;j khjtpapd; kd epiyiaf; fz;L tUe;jpa ,Utu; Nfhtydplk; J}J nry;fpd;wdu;.

1. tae;j khiy – khjtpapd; Njhop
2. Njte;jp – fz;zfpapd; Njhop

khjtpiatpl;L Nfhtyd; gpupe;jJk; mg;gpupTj;Jau; jhq;fhJ khjtp mOJ Gyk;Gfpwhs;. tae;jkhiyiaf; Nfhtydplk; J}J mDg;gp jhd; ifg;gl vOjpa kliyAk; tae;jkhiyaplk; nfhLj;J mDg;Gfpwhs;. fhdy; tupapy; khjtp ghba ghlypy; mts; khw;whd; xUtid Nerpg;gJ Nghd;w Fwpg;G ,Ue;jjhy; Nfhtyd; mtistpl;L gpupe;J nry;fpd;whd;. tae;jkhiy nfhz;L te;j kliyAk; Vw;f kWf;fpwhd; Nfhtyd;.

Nfhtyd; Gfhu;efupy; kd;dUf;F ,izahf itj;Jg; ghu;f;Fk; cau;e;j tzpfu; Fbapy; gpwe;jtd;. ,td; rpwe;j kdpjNear; rpe;jid kpf;ftd; vd;gjw;Fg; Gfhu;fhz;lj;J ve;jr; nra;jpAk; ,y;iy. Mdhy; kJiuf;fhz;lj;jpy; jiyr;nrq;fhdk; vd;w Ciur; Nru;e;j ehd;F Ntjk; mwpe;j me;jzdhd khlyd; thapyhf ,sq;Nfhtbfs; ,jid czu;j;Jfpwhu;. khjtp ebg;gpy; Nju;e;jts;> mts; vd; gpupthy; tUe;Jk; Nju;r;rpapy; ,Uf;Fk; ebg;gpid ehd; mwpNtd;. vd;idg; gpupe;J fz;Nlhuplk; Gyk;gp mOk; ebg;gpidAk; ehd; mwpNtd; vd;W Nfhtyd; khjtpia ebg;gts; vd;W gopj;J mts; mDg;gpa kliy kWf;fpwhd;. ,ijf;Nfl;L thba tae;jkhiy Nfhtydpd; Nfhgj;ij mt;thNw $whky;> mjid kiwj;J>

khiy thuhu; MapDk; khz; ,io

fhiy fhz;Fthk; vdf; ifaW neQ;rnkhL

G+kyu; mkspkpirg; nghUe;jhJ tjpe;jds; (rpyg;. Ntdpw;. 115-117)

Nfhtyd; thq;f kWj;j kliyg; ngw;Wf;nfhz;ljhfTk; ,g;NghJ VNjh Nfhgj;jpy; ,Uf;fpwhd; khiyapy; tuhtpl;lhYk; fhiyapy; tUthu; vd;W khjtpiaj; Njw;Wfpwhs;.

ngha;k;ikAk; tha;ik aplj;j GiujPu;e;j

ed;ik gaf;F nkdpd;. (Fws;. 292)

vd;w FwSf;F Vw;g cz;ikia kiwj;J khjtpiaj; Njw;Wfpwhs;. ,d;W kdpjuplk; ,y;yhj gz;G tae;jkhiyaplk; fhzg;gl;lJ. tae;jkhiy khjtpiaj; Njw;Wk;NghJ kWgf;fk; Njte;jp fz;zfpiaj; Njw;Wfpwhs;. rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpd; fhg;gpaj; jiytp fz;zfpapd; cw;w Njhop Njte;jp. kJiuapy; fz;zfpf;F epfog; NghFk; jPikiaj; jdf;F Kd;dwptpf;Fk; tpjj;jpy; Njhd;wpa fditf; fz;zfp gfpu;e;J nfhs;tJ ,e;jj; Njte;jpNahLjhd;. Njte;jpAk; fz;zfpiag; NghyNt fztidg; gpupe;jpUg;gts;.

G+k;Gfhu; efupYs;s NrhkFz;lk;> R+upaFz;lk; Mfpa ePu;j; Jiwfspy; %o;fpf; fhkNts; Nfhl;lj;ijj; njhOjhy; gpupe;j fztd; jpUk;gp tUthd; vd;W Njte;jp $wf; fz;zfp mij kWj;JtpLfpwhs;.  ‘fdhj;jpwk; ciuj;j fhij’ fhl;rpapy;> me;jzf; Fyj;jpy; gpwe;j Njte;jpapd; khkdhUf;F ,U kidtpfs;. mtu;fspy; khyjp vd;gtSf;F kl;Lk; Foe;ijfs; ,y;iy. kw;wtSf;F xU Foe;ij ,Uf;fpwJ. Foe;ijapd; ngw;Nwhu; ntspNa nrd;wpUf;Fk;  Neuj;by; khyjp> khw;whspd; Foe;ijf;Fg; ghY}l;lg; ghy; tpf;fp mJ ,we;JtpLfpwJ. ,ijf; fz;l khyjp Foe;ijiaj; J}f;fpf;nfhz;L Gfhu; efupYs;s fw;gfj;jU epw;Fk; Nfhapy;> Iuhtjk; epw;Fk; Nfhapy;> gyNjtdpd; Nfhapy; vd;W mq;Fs;s Nfhtpy;fSf;nfy;yhk; Xb Njtu;fNs vdf;Fw;w Neha;fisj; jPUq;fs; vd Ntz;Lfpwhs;. mq;NfNa jtk; fplf;fpwhs;. mg;NghJ gpzq;fisj; jpd;Dk; ,lhfpdp vd;Dk; Nga;>

,Lgpzk; jpd;Dk; ,lhfpdpg;Nga; thq;fp

kbmfj;J ,l;lhs; kfit (rpyg;. fdhj;jpw. 21>22)

Foe;ijiaj; J}f;fpf;nfhz;L gpzj;ijg; gpa;j;J thapypl;L tpopq;fp kiwe;JtpLfpwJ. ,ijf; fz;L kdk; tUe;jpa khyjp Vq;fpNaq;fp mOk;NghJ ghrz;lr; rhj;jd; vd;w nja;tk; Njhd;wp md;idNa! eP Vq;fp mohNj! cd; Foe;ij capNuhL ,Ug;gijf; fhz;gha; vd;W MWjy; $wp> jhNd Foe;ijahf te;J mtsJ Jaiuj; jzpf;fpwJ. mt;thNw mts; Kd; xU Foe;ij cUtpy; fplf;fpwJ. kl;lw;w kfpo;r;rpAld; mf;Foe;ijia vLj;Jr; nry;Yk; khyjp mtidj; jq;fs; kfdhf tsu;f;fpwhs;. ,g;gFjpapy; fjwp mOk; ngz;Zf;F ghrhz;lr; rhj;jd;> ,uq;Fk; ,uf;ff; Fzj;ijf; fhz ,aYfpwJ. 

NkYk; Nfhtyd; khjtpia tpl;Lg; gpupe;J fz;zfpaplk; tUfpwhd;. te;J fz;zfpapd; Jaiuf;fz;L>

…………………   ……………      ………….. ahTk;

ryk;Gzu; nfhs;ifr; ryjpnahL Mb

Fyk;jU thd;nghUs; – Fd;wk; njhiye;j

,yk;ghL ehZj; jUk; vdf;F (rpyg;. fdhj;jpw. 68 – 71)

vd;W tQ;rfk; nghUe;jpa nfhs;ifapid cilatshd ngha;j;jpNahL $bapUe;jikahy; ek; Fyj;jtu; Nru;j;j kiyNghd;w nry;tq;fis vy;yhk; njhiyj;Njd;. ,r;nray; vdf;F ehzj;ijj; jUfpwJ vd;W Gyk;Gfpwhd;>

eyk; Nfo; KWty; eifKfk; fhl;br;

rpyk;G cs nfhz;k; vd (rpyg;. fdhj;jpw. 72 – 73)

$Wfpwhs;. fz;zfpNah ed;ik nghUe;jpa KUtypidf; fhl;b rpyk;Gfs; cs;sd nfhs;Sq;fs; vd;W $Wfpwhs;. ,jidf;fz;l Nfhtyd; kJiuf;Fr; nrd;W nghUs; <l;lyhk; vd;W $wp ,UtUk; jq;fs; tPl;iltpl;L kJiuf;Fr; nry;y Kide;jdu;. ,g;gFjpapy; fz;zfpapd; ,uf;ff;Fzj;ijAk; jd; fztdhd Nfhtyd; jtW nra;Jk; mjidg; nghUl;gLj;jhky; fztDf;Fj; Jiz epw;Fk; fz;zfpapd; cau;e;j kdg;ghd;ikiaAk; fhzKbfpwJ.

tpUe;Njhk;gy;

NfhtyDk; fz;zfpAk; kJiuf;Fr; nry;Yk; topapy; fTe;jpabfisr; re;jpf;fpd;wdu;. fTe;jpabfs; xU rkzg; ngz; Jwtp. NfhtyidAk; fz;zfpiaAk; kJiuf;Ff; $l;br; nry;tJ fTe;jpabfNsahthu;. NfhtyDk; fz;zfpAk; fTe;jpabfs; jq;fpapUe;j ,lk; topahf kJiuf;Fr; nrd;wdu;. fTe;jpabfs; ,UtiuAk; fz;L> ePq;fs; ahu;? vq;Nf? Vd; nry;fpwPu;fs;?  vdf; Nfl;fpwhu;. Nfhtyd; $wpaijf; Nfl;l fTe;jpabfs; cq;fs; KbT rupapy;yhjJ. ,e;jg; ngz;zhy; nfhba fhl;L topiaf; flf;f ,ayhJ vd;W nrhy;yp ahDk; tUfpNwd; vd;W $wp mtu;fNshL Gwg;gLfpwhu;.

kJiuapd; GwQ;Nrupapy; khjup fTe;jpabfisf; fz;L topgl;lhs;. mg;NghJ> NfhtyidAk; fz;zfpiaAk; GwQ;Nrupia tpl;L ,Ul;Ltjw;Fs; kJiuf;F mDg;gp itj;Jtpl Ntz;Lnkd;W vz;zpdhu; fTe;jpabfs;. Mau;Fy kle;ijahfpa khjupNa milf;fyg; nghUis Vw;gjw;Fj; jFjpahdts; vd khjupaplk;:

“khjup Nfs;,k; kle;ijjd; fztd;

jhijiaf; Nfl;fpy; jd;Fy thzu;

mUk;nghUs; ngWeupd; tpUe;njjpu; nfhz;L

fUe;jlq; fz;zpnahL fbkidg; gLj;Jtu;

cilg;ngUQ; nry;tu; kidg;GF ksTk;

,ilf;Fy klq;ijf;F milf;fyk; je;Njd;” (rpyg;. mil.fh.125 – 130)

khjupNa! ,tu;fs; ,UtUk; tzpf Fyj;jhu;fs;. GfhupNy kpfg; ngupa nry;te;juhthu;.  Nfhtyd;> fz;zfp vd;gd ,tu;fspd; ngau;fs;. khrhj;Jtdpd; kfd;jhd; Nfhtyd; vd;gij mwpe;jJk; mfkfpo;e;J mtu;fSf;F tpUe;Njhk;gp ey;y khspifapy; jq;f itj;jhs; khjup.

NkYk; fTe;jpabfs; milf;fykhf te;jtiuf; fhg;gjhy; fpilf;Fk; gaid tpsf;f xU fijiaf; $Wfpwhs;.

vl;bg; gl;lk; ngw;w rhayd; vd;gtDila kidtp te;jtu;f;nfy;yhk; tpUe;J gilj;jhs;. xU ehs; xU jtrp te;jhu;. mtUf;F czT gilj;jhs;. mtu; cz;L kpFe;j vr;rpy; czitAk; fOtpa ePiuAk; grpahy; thba xU Fuq;F cl;nfhz;L rpwpJ grp Mwp mj;jtrpia Vf;fj;Jld; ghu;j;jJ. mjd;ghy; ,uf;fk; nfhz;l mj;jtrp> mf;Fuq;if xU gps;isNghy; fUjpf; fhf;Fk;gbr; rhayd; kidtpaplk; milf;fyk; je;J Vfpdhu;. mjd;gb mts; mf;Fuq;if ed;F Ngzp te;jhs;. mf;Fuq;F ,we;j gpd; mjd; ngauhy; jhdk; nra;jhs;. me;jf; Fuq;F> kj;jpk ehl;bNy thuzthrp vd;Dk; Cupy; cj;ju nfsj;jd; vd;Dk; murDf;F kfdhfg; gpwe;jJ. Fuq;F cUkhwpa me;j mur Fkud; rpwg;Gld; gy jhdq;fs; nra;J Kg;gj;jpuz;lhk; tajpy; ,Wjp va;jpj; Njtd; Mapdhd;. mtNd ,g;NghJ te;j thdtd; Mthd;. mtd; Fuq;fhf ,Ue;jNghJ milf;fyk; je;J fhj;j ey;tpidahy; rhayDk; mtd; kidtpAk; Ngupd;g tPLNgW va;jpdu;. ,jdhy;> milf;fyk; fhj;jypd; rpwg;ig eP mwpthahf. ,dpf; fz;zfpiaf; NfhtyNdhL tpiue;J epd; ,y;yj;jpw;F mioj;Jr; nry;thahf vd;W mwpTWj;Jfpwhu;. ,t;thW rpyg;gjpfhuk; milf;fykhf te;jtu;fSf;F tpUe;J cgrupf;Fk; KiwiaAk; tpUe;jspg;gjhy; tUk; ed;ikfisAk; vLj;Jiug;gjhf mikfpwJ.

fUiz cs;sk;

Nfhtyd; Gfhu; efupy; kd;dUf;F ,izahf itj;Jg; ghu;f;Fk; cau;e;j tzpfu; Fbapy; gpwe;jtd;. ,td; rpwe;j fUiz cs;sk; gilj;jtd; vd;gjw;Fg; Gfhu; fhz;lj;jpy; ve;jr; nra;jpAk; ,y;iy. Mdhy; kJiuf;fhz;lj;jpy; jiyr;nrq;fhdk; vd;w Ciur; Nru;e;j me;jzdhd khlyd; thapyhf ,sq;Nfhtbfs; ,jid czu;j;Jfpwhu;.

“flf;fspW mlf;fpa fUiz kwt” (rpyk;G> mil. 53)

Nfhtyd; jd; fUiz cs;sj;jpd; fhuzkhff; $Dila kiwNahidj; jhf;fpa kjq;nfhz;l ahidia mlf;fp mtidf; fhj;J> capu;fsplk; nfhz;l ,uf;fk; fhuzkhf ahidiaf; nfhy;yhJtpl;l fUiz cs;sk; nfhz;ltu; vd;Wk; mNj Nghd;W>

“fhd; Nghd fztidf; $l;b

xy;fhr; nry;tj;J cWnghUs; nfhLj;J

ey;topg; gLj;j nry;yhr; nry;t” (rpyk;. mil. 73-75)

fPupg;gps;isiaj; jd; gps;isahf xU kiwatd; tsu;j;J te;jhd;. gps;isiaf; fbf;f te;jg; ghk;gpid mf;fPupg;gps;is nfhd;wJ. mjidawpahj mtd; kidtp fPupg;gps;isiaf; nfhd;whs;. clNd mtisg; gpupe;J fhl;by; tho;e;jhd;. mtu;fspd; ghtk; njhiya epiwa nry;tk; nfhLj;J mtu;fisr; Nru;j;J tho itj;jhd;. NkYk;>

“gw;wpa fpisQupd; grpg;gpzp aWj;Jg;

gy;yhz;L Gue;j ,y;Nyhu; nrk;ky;” (rpyk;. mil. 89-90)

vd;Dk; mbfspy; nghUSf;fhf xUtd; gj;jpdpg; ngz;Zf;F gop Vw;gLkhW mts; fztdplNk nrd;W ngha; $wpdhd;. jtW nra;jtu;fisg; ghrf; fapw;why; gw;wp miwe;J cz;Zk; G+jk; xd;W ngha; $wpatidj; Jd;GWj;jpaJ. mijf; fz;L mtd; jha; Jbj;jhs;. clNd Nfhtyd; me;jj; jhapd; Ntjidiag; nghWf;fKbahky; G+jj;jplk; nrd;W jd; capiu vLj;Jf;nfhz;L> mtid tpLtpf;Fk;gb Nfl;lhd;. mjw;F G+jk;>

“eufd; capu;f;F ey;Yapu; nfhz;L

gufjp apof;Fk; gz;gPq;F ,y;iy” (rpyk;. mil.fhij> 84-85)

vd;W $wpaJ. jtW nra;tjid miwe;J nfhd;wJ. nrayw;W ,Ue;j jhNahL Nfhtyd; nrd;W mtdpd; Rw;wj;ijAk; grpg;gpzpapd;wpg; gy Mz;Lfs; fhj;j cau;e;j kdk; nfhz;ltd;. ,r;rhd;Wfs; thapyhff; Nfhtyd; rpwe;j fUiz cs;sk; nfhz;ltd; vd;gJ rpyk;gpy; fhl;rpg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.

mJNghd;W fz;zfpapd; fUizAs;sk; ,U ,lq;fspy; ntspg;glf; fhzyhk;. Nfhtyd;> fz;zfp> fTe;jpabfs; %tUk; kJiuf;Fr; nry;Yk; toapy; njd;fiu G+k;nghopypy; jq;fpapUe;jNghJ> tk;gg; guj;ijAk; tWnkhopahsDk; fhkDk; NjtpAk; Nghd;w ,tu;fs; ahu;? vd tpdtpdhu;. mjw;Ff; fTe;jpabfs;> “,tu;fs; vk; kf;fs;” vd;W $wf;Nfl;L fw;wwpe;jPu; cld; tapw;wpu; xUq;Fld; tho;f;if elj;JtJz;Nlh?” vd mtu;fs; tpdtpdu;. mJ Nfl;l fz;zfp eLf;Fk; Jau; mile;jhs;. clNd fTe;jpabfs; jd; jt typikahy; KJeupfshFf vdr; rgpj;jhu;. mjw;Ff; fz;zfpAk; NfhtyDk; tUe;jp “nra;jtj;jPu; newpapy; ePq;fpNahu; ePuy $wpDk; mwpahikahy; vd;W mwpjy; Ntz;Lk; Mifahy; mtu;fSf;F ca;jpf;fhyk; ciuf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W Ntz;b> jd;idf; fhag;gLj;jpatu;fSf;F” ,d;dh nra;jhu;f;Fk; ,dpait nra;Ak; cau;e;j fUiz cs;sj;Jf;Fr; rhd;whf ,e;epfo;T mikfpwJ.

Nfhtyd; ,we;jij mwpe;j fz;zfp jd; fztd; fs;td; my;y vd;gij vLj;Jiuj;J kJiuia vupj;J mopf;fpwhs;. vupAk; mf;fpdpf;F mts; ,Lk; fl;lis mtspd; fUiz cs;sj;Jf;Fr; rhd;whFk;.

“ghu;g;ghu; mwNthu; gR gj;jpdpg; ngz;bu;

%j;Njhu; Fotp vDkptiuf; iftpl;Lj;

jPj;jpwj;jhu; gf;fNk Nru;nfd;W fha;j;jpa” (rpyg;> tQ;rpd> 54-56)

vd;w ghlypy; fz;zfpapd; jha;ikAs;sk; ntspg;gl;Ls;sJ.

KbTiu

rpyg;gjpfhuk; KOtJk; Md;kNeaf; fUj;Jfs; epiwe;jpUg;gij mwpe;Jnfhs;s ,aYfpwJ. Nkw;$wpa mwTiu rKjhaj;jpy; kdpjNeak; kyu mbg;gilahFk;. jsuhJ ,tw;iwg; gpd;gw;wp ,d;dyw;w tho;itr; rKjhak; tho Ntz;Lk; vd ,sq;Nfhtbfs; typAWj;Jfpwhu;.

ghHit E}y;fs;

rhkp. rpjk;gudhu;> rpyg;gjpfhuj; jkpofk;> mwpTg; gjpg;gfk;> nrd;id> jkpo;ehL 2008.

rPdpthrd;> uh.> rpyg;gjpfhuk; %yKk; jpwdha;Tk;> mzpafk;> nrd;id> jkpo;ehL> 1987.

nry;yk; Nfhtpe;jd;> rpyg;gjpfhuf; fhyKk; ehl;Lg;Gw tof;fhWfSk;> mr;rplg;glhj Ma;Tf;fl;Liu> jkpo;ehL> 2005.

khzpf;fk;> t. Rg> ,ul;ilf;fhg;gpaq;fs;> kPdhl;rp Gj;jf epiyak;> kJiu> jkpo;ehL> 2007.

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