EXISTENTIAL ANGST, AND QUEST FOR IDENTITY IN LESLIE FEINBERG’S STONE BUTCH BLUES
March 31, 2022
இருள மொழியில் தமிழ் இலக்கணக் கூறுகள்
March 31, 2022

Sparkling International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Studies

Volume 5           Issue 1          January – March 2022           Pages 24-30

kpd;dfuhjpfSk; mjd; gad;ghLfSk;

n`g;]p Nuh]; Nkup> m.

cjtpg;NguhrpupaH> Nfusg; gy;fiyf;fofk;> jpUtde;jGuk;> fhupatl;lk;> jpUtde;jGuk;> Nfush> ,e;jpah.

Ma;Tr;RUf;fk;


njhopy;El;gtsHr;rp cyfj;ij iff;Fs; mlf;fpa epiyapy;>  ,izatopahfg; gy ,yf;fpa ,yf;fzq;fSk; ekf;Ff; fpilf;fpd;wd. mt;tifapy; ,izak; topahf ekf;Ff; fpilf;Ff; kpd;dfuhjpfis mwpKfg;gLj;jp mjd; mikg;igAk; gad;ghl;ilAk; vLj;Jiug;gjhf  ,f;fl;Liu mikfpwJ. ,izak; topahf ekf;F vuhsk; mfuhjpfisg; gjptpwf;fk; nra;Jnfhs;syhk;. vspjpy; nrhw;nghUisg; gynkhopfspy; mwpe;Jnfhs;tjw;Fk; ,t;tfuhjpfs; Jiz epw;fpd;wd. kpd; mfuhjpapy; gynkhop mfuhjpfisj; jkpopYk;> gpw   nkhopapYk; fz;L czuyhk;.  kpd; mfuhjpapy; Jiwthupahfr; nrhw;fSf;fhd nghUis mwpe;Jnfhs;syhk;. fhy khw;wj;jpw;Nfw;g nkhopapy; Njhd;Wk; Gjpa  nrhw;fis kpd; mfuhjpfspy; clDf;Fld; gjpNtw;wk; nra;fpd;wdH. ,t;tfuhjpfshy; jkpo;nkhop tsHr;rpaile;Js;sij czHe;J nfhs;syhk;.

fiyr;nrhw;fs;: kpd;dfuhjp> tpd;RNyh> nrhy;yilT> njhluilT> mfuKjyp> Ngufuhjp.


Kd;Diu

etPd ,iza tsHr;rp  cyfj;ij tpuy; Edpapy; nfhz;L te;Js;sJ. cyfj;jpy;  xU %iyapy; elf;Fk; midj;J epfo;TfisAk; clDf;Fld; ehk; ,Ue;j ,lj;jpypUe;Nj mwpe;J nfhs;fpNwhk;. NkYk; cyff;  fz;Lgpbg;Gf;fisAk; clDf;Fld; ,izak; topahfg; ngw;Wf ;nfhs;fpNwhk;. mt;tz;zNk ,izak; topahf ehk; ,yf;fpaq;fisAk; ,yf;fzq;fisAk; mjw;fhd fUtp E}y;fisAk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;fpNwhk;. ,f;fl;Liu ,izaj;jpy; fpilf;Fk; kpd;dfujpfis vLj;Jiuj;J mjd; gad;ghl;il vLj;Jiug;gjhf mikfpwJ.

kpd; mfuhjpfs;

,izaj;jpy; fpilf;Fk; mfuhjpia kpd; mfuhjp vd;gH. ,J nghJthf cUthf;fg;gl;l XH mfuhjpia ,izaj;Jld; ,izj;Jf; fzpdpapd; %yk; juTfisg; ngWtjhFk;. ,jid Mq;fpyj;jpy; (Online Dictinary) vd;gH.  ,d;W ,izak; topahf Vuhskhd kpd;dfuhjpfs; fpilf;fpd;wd. mtw;iw mwpKfg;gLj;JtJk; mjd; gad;ghLfis vLj;Jiug;gJk; ,f;fl;Liuapd; Nehf;fkhFk;.

1.tpd;RNyh mfuhjpfs;

kpNuhd; tpd;RNyh mtHfs; Kjd;Kjyhf kpdfuhjpia ntspapl;lhH. ,tH xU fpwpj;jtr; rkaNghjfH. ,tH njhFj;j jkpo; Mq;fpy tpupT mfuhjp (A Comprehensive Tamil and English Dictionary) 30>000 f;Fk; Nkw;gl;lr; nrhw;fisj; jd;dfj;Nj nfhz;Ls;sJ. Nrhrg; iel; gpuG mtHfspd; mfuhjpiaj; Jizahff; nfhz;L ,Ugjhz;Lfs; cioj;jjpd; tpisthf cUthdNj tpd;RNyh vd;Dk; mfujp. ,J 1862 ,y; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. jkpo; Mq;fpyk; vd;w mikg;gpy; ,e;j mfuhjp mike;Js;sJ.

,jpy; ‘m’ njhlq;fp ‘nts’ <whf 969 gf;fj;jpy; 30>000 f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l jkpo;r;nrhw;fSk; mr;r;nrhw;fSf;F cupa tpsf;fKk; jug;gl;Ls;sd. ,izaj;jpy; 976 gf;fj;jpy; tpd;RNyh mfuhjpj; jkpo;r; nrhw;fisAk; gpwnkhopr; nrhw;fisAk; nfhz;L tpsq;FfpwJ. ,jpy; ,yf;fpa Nkw;Nfhs;fs; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sd. ,jpy; jkpopNyh/Mq;fpyj;jpNyh nrhw;fis cs;sPL nra;ayhk;. cs;sPL nra;ag;gLk; nrhy; tpd;RNyh mfuhjpapd; nghUspy; ,Ue;jhy; mjidAk; fhl;b tpLk;. vj;jid citation tUfpwNjh mj;jid tUiff;Sk; ,izaj;jpd; ,lJgf;fj;jpy; tUtijf; fhzyhk;. jkpo; Mq;fpyk; vd;w mikg;gpy; ,e;j mfuKjyp cs;sJ. Kjypy; jiyr;nrhy;> xyp ngaHg;G tbtk; Mq;fpyg;nghUs;> jkpo;g;nghUs;> tUkplk; Mfpait epuy;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd.

v.fh 1) kiy malai (p. 851) kiy malai>s. Hill> mountain> gUtjk;. 2. Rock> fw;wplH. [Compare kyak;.] (c.) 3. A word of comparison> ctikr; nrhy;> as re;jpud; kiyKfk;> a face like the moon.-Note. There are eight principal mountains> in Jambu Dwipa> and seven.

2) kiy malai (p. 8511) kiy malai,  fpNwd;> e;Njd;> Ntd;> a, v. a. To wear, put on, from Sa. Mala, v. 2. To oppose, fight with, VjpHf;f. 3. To con- tradict Ml;Nrgpf;f. 4. To oppose in meaning kWf;f.

2.jkpo; tpf;Rdup

tpf;fpg;gPbah vd;w jsk; gd;nkhopapy; jfty;fisj; jUk; XH ,iza jskhFk;. ,j;jsk; 2001 Mk; Mz;L Mq;fpynkhopapy; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. cyf mstpy; 267 nkhopfspy; tpf;fpg;gPbah fiyf;fsQ;rpak; nra;jpfisj; jUfpwJ. ,jd; xU gFjpahf tpf;rdupfs; cs;sd. xt;nthU nkhopr; nrhw;fSf;Fk; mfuepuypy; nghUs; jUtJ tpf;rdupapd; ,ay;ghf cs;sJ. jkpo;r; nrhw;fSf;Fg; nghUs; vOJk; Kaw;rp 2004 ,y; njhlq;fg;gl;lJ. ,d;W 4>04>141 nrhw;fisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ. (22.08.2022). jkpo;- jkpo;- Mq;fpyk; vd;w mikg;gpYk;> Mq;fpyk;- jkpo; vd;w mikg;gpYk; jkpo;r; nrhw;fs; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sd. jkpOf;F ,izahd gpwnkhopr; nrhw;fSk; (v.fh. Mq;fpyk;> kiyahsk;> ,e;jp> fd;dlk; gpuQ;R> nrHkd;>) Nghd;w nkhopfspy; cs;sd. NjLk; nrhw;fis ,jpy; xypj;Jg; ghHf;fyhk;. jkpo; tpf;rdupapy; ,d;W tof;fj;jpy; cs;s gy nrhw;fSf;F cupa glq;fs; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sd. me;je;j nghUSf;F Vw;w ,yf;fpar; rhd;Wfs; ,lk;ngwtpy;iy. GJg;GJ nrhw;fisAk; mjd; nghUisAk; ,izaj;jpy; cs;spLtjw;fhd trjpfs; cz;L. mjw;fhd topKiwfSk; mj;jsj;jpNy nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

v.fh mk;kh mk;kh> ngaHr;nrhy;. mk;kh: jhAk;> NrAk;~1917  jhiaf;Fwpg;gjw;Fg; gad;gLk; nrhy;. mk;khitg; NgZ.

ngz;fis> ghrkhf miof;fTk;> kupahijahf miog;gjw;Fg; gadhFk; nrhy; vL jq;ifiag; ghHj;J> mk;kh ,q;Nf th vd;W miog;gH. mk;kh vd;gJ xU $l;Lr; nrhy;yhfTk; mike;J nghUs; jUfpwJ. mk;kh mupit.. jpUf;Fws; – 1107 – mofpa khik epwk; cila mupit. mk;kh vd;gJ ,ilr; nrhy;yhfTk; mike;J nghUs; jUfpwJ. Nkw;Nfhs;fs;!(v. fh. mk;kh! vt;tsT ngupa ahid> mth…ntWk;nghUs jk;khrPt mk;khntd; Wfe;jiof;F khHtr;nrhy; (ngUkhs;. 9> 6) XH mirr; nrhy;yhfTk; mike;J nghUs; jUfpwJ.ghu ,uhr#. 91.)

3. f;upahtpd; jw;fhyj; jkpo; mfuhjp

f;upahtpd; jw;fhyj; jkpo; mfuhjp  jw;fhyg; jkpOf;fhd mfuhjpahFk;. 1985 mstpy; njhlq;fg;gl;lJ. ,jd; Kjw;gjpg;G rdtup 1992 ,y; ntspahdJ.  ,t;tfuhjpf; KidtH ,. mz;zhkiyia Kjd;ik Mrpupauhff; nfhz;L KidtH gh. uh. Rg;gpukzpaDk; epHthf Mrpupauhf f;upah v]; ,uhkfpU\;zd; Nghd;Nwhupd; jiyikapy; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. ,J %d;W gjpg;Gf;fisf; fz;Ls;sJ. %d;whk; gjpg;G 2020 etk;gupy; ntspahdJ . ,jpy; 23 800 jiyr;nrhw;fSk;> 2632 ,yq;if tof;F nrhw;fSk; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sd. ,yq;ifj; jkpOf;fhd rpwg;Gr; nrhw;fis vk;. V. E/khd; njhFj;Js;shH. jiyr;nrhy;- ,yf;fzf;Fwpg;G- jkpopy; mr;nrhy;ypd; nghUs;- Mq;fpyg;nghUs;- thf;fpak; vd;w epiyapy; ,k;kpd;dfuhjp mike;Js;sJ.

v.fh.  fzf;F vd;Dk; nrhy;Yf;F xd;gJ nghUs; jUfpwJ.

1.$l;ly;> fopj;jy;> ngUf;fy; Nghd;w Kiwfs; mlq;fpa gbg;G: arithmetic, computation. vd; tpUg;gg; ghlkhd fzf;fpy; E}w;Wf;F E}W thq;fptpLNtd;.

2.(gzk;> nghUs; Mfpatw;wpd;) tuTk; Nghf;Fk; gw;wpa tpguk;  account (for money, things). thq;fpa gzj;Jf;F vd;d nryT fzf;F fhl;L!

3.(tq;fp Kjypatw;wpy;) gzk; nrYj;Jjy;> vLj;jy; Nghd;w trjpfSila (thbf;ifahsHfSf;F cupa) Kiw> account (of money received spent etc. as in a bank). ehd; nrYj;jpa Mapuk; &gha; ,d;Dk; vd; fzf;fpy; tutpy;iyvNa.

4.(thq;fpa my;yJ mDgtpj;j nghUSf;F) nrYj;jNtz;ba nkhj;jj; njhif> payment to be made (for the things bought or enjoyed) bill to be paid sum total. nghUs;fisnay;yhk; thq;fpa gpd; fzf;F vt;tsT vd;W Nfl;Nld;/tpLjpapy; ,e;j khj;j;Jr; rhg;ghl;Lf;fhd fdf;F Ke;E}W &gha;.

5.kjpg;gPL@ fzpg;G/ msT> vz;zpf;if> estimation mit. nghwpapay; fzf;Fg; gb ,e;jf; fl;llk; ,d;Dk; Ik;gJ Mz;Lfs; cWjpahf ,Uf;Fk;./eP thq;fpapUf;Fk; gl;Lr;NriyfSf;Ff; fzf;Nf fpilahJ.

6.(fzf;fpy; vd;w tbtk; kl;Lk;) (Ml;lf;fhuH ngWk; Gs;spfspd; vLj;j Xl;lq;fspd;) vz;zpf;if> (in certain games) score. kJiu mzp 6-3 3-2 vd;w fzf;fpy; ntd;wJ.

7.(,J ,g;gbahdy; mJ mg;gbahFk; vd;gJ Nghd;w) fzpg;G> jpl;lk; calculation@ plan. mtH nrj;jhy; ,g;gb> capNuhL ,Ue;jhy; mg;gb vd;W ,njy;yhk; vd;d fdf;F el;gpYk; fzf;Fg; ghHg;ghd;!

8.(Ng.t.)  (,UtUf;F ,ilNa cs;s) njhlHG> connection, relationship. ,d;NwhL cdf;Fk; vdf;Fk; cs;s fzf;F jPHe;jJ.

9.(-Mf> -Md)  rupahd msT>  scrupulously economical@ just adequate. nryT nra;tjpy; mtH kpfTk; fzf;F/ fhg;gpapy; rHf;fiu fzf;fh ,Uf;fpwJ. NkYk; GJthHj;ijfisg;; gjpTnra;a  GJKiwfisg; gpd;gw;wpaik ,t;tfuhjpapd; rpwg;G.

4. nrd;idg; gyfiyf;fofg; Ngufuhjp

nrd;idg; gy;fiyf;fofg; Ngufuhjp (Tamil lexicon.University of Madras 1924-1936) mfuhjpfspNyNa  jdpaplk; cz;L. jkpopy; mwptpay; mbg;gilapy; gy mwpQH ngUkf;fshy; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. NguhrpupaH itahGupg;gps;is mtHfs; jiyikapyhd FOtpdH ,e;j mfuhjpia kpf El;gKld; cUthf;fpAs;sdH. jkpo; kpd; mfuhjpfSs; nrd;idg; gy;fiyf;fof mfuhjp gy rpwg;Gfisj; jd;dfj;Nj nfhz;L tpsq;FfpwJ.

mikg;G

jkpo;r;nrhy; mjid mLj;J> mjw;Fupa Mq;fpyr;nrhy;> Mq;fpy tpsf;fk;> ,yf;fzf;Fwpg;G> Nkw;Nfhs;> Nkw;Nfhs; E}y; Fwpg;G> njhlHGilar; nrhw;fs; vd mike;Js;sJ. mr;R tbtpy; cs;s tpsf;fq;fis xd;WgLj;jpg; ghHf;Fk; trjpfs; gad;gLj;JNthUf;Fg; gy tifahfj; JizGupfpd;wd. Kd; gf;fk; gpd; gf;fk; ghHg;gJNghyNt Kd; nrhy;>gpd; nrhy; ghHf;Fk; tha;g;Gk; cs;sJ. jkpo;r;nrhy; mjid mLj;J> mjw;Fupa Mq;fpyr;nrhy;> ,yf;fzf;Fwpg;G> Mq;fpy tpsf;fk;> jkpopy; mjd;nghUs;> Nkw;Nfhs;> Nkw;Nfhs; E}y; Fwpg;G> njhlHGilar;nrhw;fs; vd mr;R tbtpy; cs;s tpsf;fq;fs;  vd;w epiyapy; mike;Js;sJ.

v.fh  mfk;¹ akam n. prob. my;F-. [K. āge M. akam.] 1. Inside, cs;splk;. mfk;Gw epiwe;j Nrhjpaha; (jhA. rptd;nr. 4). 2. Mind> kdk;. mf kyHe; jPthH (gjpndh jpUtpil. Kk;. 7). 3. Sexual pleasure fhk tpd;gk;. (njhy;. ngh.. 1>

jkpo;r;nrhy; mjid mLj;J> mjw;Fupa Mq;fpyr;nrhy;> ,yf;fzf;Fwpg;G> Mq;fpy tpsf;fk;> jkpopy; mjd;nghUs;> Nkw;Nfhs;> Nkw;Nfhs; E}y; Fwpg;G> njhlHGilar;nrhw;fs; vd mr;R tbtpy; cs;s tpsf;fq;fs;  vd;w epiyapy; mike;Js;sJ.

v.fh mfk;¹ akam > n. prob. my;F-. [K. āge> M. akam.] 1. Inside, cs;splk;. mfk;Gw epiwe;j Nrhjpaha; (jhA. rptd;nr. 4). 2. Mind, kdk;. mf kyHe; jPthH (gjpndh jpUtpil. Kk;. 7). 3. Sexual pleasur,  fhk tpd;gk;. (njhy;. ngh.. 1>

5. jkpo; jkpo; mfuKjyp

jkpo; ,izag; gy;fiyf;fofj; jsj;jpy; gy mfuKjypfs; cs;sd. mtw;Ws; xd;W NguhrpupaH K.rz;Kfk; gps;isapd; jkpo; jkpo; mfuKjyp Fwpg;gplj;jf;f xd;whFk;. gf;fk; ghHj;jy;> nrhy;Njly;> mfutupirg; ghHj;jy; vd;w mikg;gpy; nrhw;fisj; Njlyhk;. gf;fk; ghHj;jy; gFjpapy; gf;f vz; Fwpg;gpl;Lr; nrhy; Njlyhk;. nrhy;Njly; gFjpapy; nrhy;iyj; jl;lr;rpl;Lj; Njlyhk;. mfu tupir ghHj;jy; gFjpapy; mfutupiriaf; nfhz;L nrhw;fisj; Njlyhk;. jkpo; ,izag; gy;fyf;fofj; jsj;jpy; ehd;F mfuKjypfs; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sd. mitahtd>

nrd;idg; gyfiyf;fofj; jkpo;g;Ngufuhjp> ghy;]; mfuhjp> nrd;idg; gyfiyf;fof Mq;fpyk; – jkpo; mfuhjp> jkpo;- jkpo; mfuKjyp> jw;fhy fpupahtpd; cr;rupg;Gld; $ba kpd; mfuhjp> rq;f ,yf;fpa mfuhjp (ghl;Lk; njhifAk;) fhyf;Fwpg;G  mfuhjp> nre;jkpo;r; nrhw;gpwg;gpay; NgufuKjyp vd;gdthFk;. ,tw;Wy; Fwpg;gplj;jFe;jJ fhyf;Fwpg;G mfuhjp. ,J e.rp fe;ijahgps;isahy; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. murHfs;> GytHfs;> murkuGfs;> fhytupirg;gb ,e;jpahtpy;  epfo;e;j epfo;Tfs; Mfpatw;iw vLj;Jiuf;Fk; mfuhjp. ehl;L epfo;r;rpfs; ehlhz;l kd;dHfs; ngaHfisAk; ,t;tfuhjpahy; mwpe;Jnfhs;syhk;. tuyhW gapYk; khztHfSf;Fk; tuyhw;iw mwpa tpUk;GNthUf;Fk; ,t;tfuhjp cjTk;. xt;nthU gf;fj;ijAk; image file Mff; nfhLj;Js;sdH.

6. fhyf;Fwpg;G mfuhjp

,J vOj;J.fhk; toq;Fk; jkpo; mfuhjp (Tamil Agarathi). ,q;F jkpo; kw;Wk; Mq;fpy nrhw;fSf;fhd nghUs; kw;Wk; mHj;jk; tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. xU nrhy;ypd; Ntw;W nkhop (English / Tanglish) tpsf;fj;ijf; fhz mjw;Fupa ,izg;igj; NjHe;njLj;J nrhLf;Fk;NghJ fpilf;fpwJk;. ,e;j ,izajs jkpo; mfuhjpia (Tamil Dictionary) cUthf;f ,jid gad;gLj;JNthUk; gq;FngWk; tpjj;jpy; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jpy; ,lk;ngwhjj; jkpo; kw;Wk; mjw;Fupa Mq;fpy> jkpq;fy mHj;jq;fisg; gad;gLj;JNthNu gjpT nra;a ,aYk;.

7. vOj;J

,J vOj;J.fhk; toq;Fk; jkpo; mfuhjp (Tamil Agarathi). ,q;F jkpo; kw;Wk; Mq;fpy nrhw;fSf;fhd nghUs; tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. xU nrhy;ypd; Ntw;W nkhop (English / Tanglish) tpsf;fj;ijAk; ,q;F fhzyhk;. ,e;j ,izajs jkpo; mfuhjpia (Tamil Dictionary)  ehKk; cUthf;f ,aYk;. ,jpy; ,y;yhj jkpo; kw;Wk; mjw;Fupa Mq;fpy> jkpq;fy mHj;jq;fis  ehNk ,q;F gjpT nra;ayhk;. jiyr; nrhy;Yf;fhd jkpo;nghUs; kl;LNk ,jpy; ,lk;ngWk;

8. ngg;upaR mfuKjyp

ngg;upaR mfuKjyp ehd;fhk; gjpg;G (1972) kpd;dfuKjypahf cs;sJ. ,J jkpo;> Mq;fpy mfu KjypahFk;. jkpopYk; Mq;fpyj;jpYk; nrhw;fis cs;splyhk;. mjNdhL njhlHGila  Mq;fpyg; nghUSk; jkpo;g; nghUSk;  Nkw;NfhSk; ,t;tfu Kjypapy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sd

v.fh 1) mf;fg;NghH> s. (colloq.) gossip> myg;G jy;@ 2. Trouble molestation tUj;jk; mf;fg;NghH NgRjy; Mgj;Jf;fplk;.

8. fiyr;nrhy; mfuKjyp

kpd;dpay;> kpd;dZtpay;> fzpdpapay;> nghwpapay;> mwptpay;> njhopy; El;gtpay; rhHe;j nra;jpfis tpsf;Fk; nrhw;fSf;F cupa tpsf;fk; jUk; mfuhjp MFk;. ,j;jsj;jpy; cs;s mUQ;nrhw;gl;bay; vd;w jiyg;gpy; cs;s gFjpf;Fr; nrd;why; gy Jiw rhHe;j Mq;fpyr; nrhw;fSf;Fupa fiyr;nrhw;fs; jug;gl;Ls;sd. jkpo;g; nghJ mUQ;nrhw;nghUs;> jhdpaq;fp mUQ; nrhw;nghUs;> gwitapay;> jhtutpay;> Ntjpapay;> %ypif> kyH> gok;> Fb EioT> fzpjk;> clypay;> ,aw;gpay;> cstpay;> fg;gypay;> Fwpifapay;> fha;fwpg; ngaHfs;> tpyq;fpay;> xUq;fpizg;gpay; rhHe;j gy Jiwr;nrhw;fSf;F cupa jkpo;r;nrhw;fisj; jhq;fp ,j;jsk; nray;gLfpwJ. ,t;tfuKjypiag; gjptpwf;fk; nra;J nfhs;syhk;. Mq;fpy nrhw;fSf;F ,izahd jkpo; fiyr; nrhw;fisg; ngwtpUk;GNthUf;F ,t;tfuhjp xU tug;gpurhjkhFk;

10. nrhw;Fit/nrhw;gpwg;gpay; mfuhjp

jkpof murpd; mfuhjp MFk;. tiyjsk; nrayp MfTk; nray;gLfpwJ. ,jpy; 758845 nrhw;fs; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sd. nrhw;fisf; Ftpayhff; Ftpj;J itj;jpUf;Fk; ,lk; vd;gJ ,jd; nghUs;. xU nrhy;ypd; NtHfisf; fhl;Lk;. mjhtJ kd;wk;; vd;w nrhy; vt;thW cUthdJ vd;gijf; fhl;Lk;. ,yf;fdf;Fwpg;G> ,yf;fpa Nkw;Nfhs; ,tw;iwf; fhl;LfpwJ.

kd;wk; cfg;G- c> cf> ct – vd;gJ Ntuhf tUfpd;wd

maṉṟam> ng.(n.) 1.mit (gpq;.) Hall, assembly. 2.Kiwkd;wk;> court. mwdtpd; kd;wj;Js;NshH (jpUtpis.khkdhf. 35)> 3.CUf;F eLthAs;s kuj;jbg; nghJtplk;;> meeting place under a tree> in a village. kd;wKk; nghjpapYk; (jpUKU. 226). 4. Fjpiu fisg; gapw;Wk; nrz;Lntsp> open place used for riding horses.  Ngupir %J}H kd;wq; fz;Nl (Gweh.220> ciu). 5. kf;fs; $Lk; ntspaplk; (gpq;.) plain, open space. kd;wk;NghO kzpTil neLe;NjH (FWe;. 301)> 6. NghHf;fsg; gug;gpd; eLtplk;> central place in a battlefield.  nrQ;RlH nfhz;l FUjp kd;wj;J (gjpw;Wg;.35> 8)> nghd;dk; gyKs;s jpy;iy Chidambaram.

11. jkpo; GytH mfuKjyp

,J Jiughz;bahy; njhlq;fg;gl;lJ. 12 mfuhjpfspd; njhFg;ghFk;. xU nrhy;ypd; nghUNshL vjpHnrhy;> fiyr;nrhy; cs;spl;l midj;ijAk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;syhk;. mr;nrhy; gw;wpd gonkhopfisAk; njhFj;Jj; jUfpd;wJ. ,jw;F nrhy;NyH cotH vd;w ngaUk; cz;L.

12. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhluilTfs;:  http://tamilconcordance.in/

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhluilTfs; vd;Dk; ,izajsj;ij cUthf;fpatH g. ghz;bauh[d; MthH. ,tH mNkupf;fd; fy;Y}up fzpjg; NguhrpupaH kw;Wk; Kjy;tH MthH ,j;jsj;jpy; jkpopYs;s ngUthupahd ,yf;fpaq;fSf;fhd njhluilTfs; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. xt;nthU ,yf;fpaj;jpYk; gapd;W te;Js;s njhlHfspd; vz;zpf;if> ,j;jsk; topahfg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;syhk;.

13. rq;f ,yf;fpa kpd;fuhjp:  http://umarajk.in/UGC_Dic_Dec_2013/Default.aspx

kJiug; gy;fiyf;fofg; NguhrpupaH ckhuh[; njhlq;fg;gl;lJ. vl;Lj;njhif> gj;Jghl;by; ,lk;ngw;W;s;s nrhw;fisAk; mjd; nghUisAk; fhzyhk;. jdpj;jdpahfTk; nkhj;jkhfTk; nrhy;ypd; nghUisf; fz;Lnfhs;syhk;. ,jpy; ,yf;fzf;Fwpg;Gk; ,yf;fpar;rhd;Wk; jug;gl;Ls;sd

gad;ghLfs;

mr;rpy; ntspte;j mfuhjpfisj; Njb thq;f Ntz;Lk;. Mdhy; ,iza kpd; mfuhjpahy; vspikahfg; ghHj;J njupe;J nfhs;Sk; tifapy; cs;sd. Neuk; kpr;rg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. fhy tpuak; ,y;iy. xU mfuhjpiaf; nfhz;L nghUs; Njl Ntz;ba mtrpak; ,y;iy. kpd; mfuhjpapy; gynkhop mfuhjpfisj; jkpopYk;> gpw nkhopapYk; fz;L czuyhk;. kpd; mfuhjpapy; Jiwthupahfr; nrhw;fisj; njhFj;J ntspapl;Ls;sdH. ,J nrhw;fisj; NjLgtHfSf;F vspikahf ,Uf;fpwJ. xU nrhy;Yf;Fg; gy nkhopapy; tpsf;fk; xNu ,lj;jpy; fpilf;fpd;wd. fhy khw;wj;jpw;Nfw;g nkhopapy; Njhd;Wk; Gjpa nrhw;fis kpd; mfuhjpfspy; (jkpo; tpf;rdup) gjpNtw;wk; nra;J nkhopf;Fk; kw;wtHfSf;Fk;gad;gLk; tpj;j;jpy; ,jid gad;gLj;jyhk;.

KbTiu

,izak;topahf Vuhskhd mfuhjpfs; jkpOyfpw;Ff; fpilf;fpd;wd. mit xt;nthd;Wk; jkpowpQHfSk; Ma;thsHfSk; vspjpy; gad;gLj;Jk; epiyapy; cs;sd. ,t;kpd;dfuhjpahy; ,Ue;j ,lj;jpy; ,Ue;Jnfhz;Nl nrhw;fSf;fhd nghUis mwpe;J nfhs;syhk;. mfuhjpfis cld; nfhz;L nry;y Ntz;ba Njit ,y;iy. xUnrhy;ypd; nghUisg; gynkhopfspy; mwpe;J nfhs;s kpd;dfuhjpfs; gad;gLfpd;wd.

 

ghHit E}y;fs;


fe;ijahgps;is> e.rp. fhyf;Fwpg;G mfuhjp> MrpupaH E}w;gjpg;Gf; fofk; nrd;id. 1980.

n[aNjtd;> t. jkpo; mfuhjpapay; tsHr;rp tuyhW> Ie;jpizg; gjpg;gfk; jpUty;ypf;Nfzp> nrd;id> 1985.

http://umarajk.in/UGC_Dic_Dec_2013/Default.aspx

http://tamilconcordance.in/

https://tamil.digital.utsc.utoronto.ca/en/islandora/object/tamil%3A15647

 

To cite this article


Hepsy Rose Mary, A. (2022). kpd;dfuhjpfSk; mjd; gad;ghLfSk;. Sparkling International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Studies, 5(1), 24-30.

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