jkpou;fs; ,aw;ifNahL ,iae;j tho;f;ifapdu;. Mjyhy; mtu;fSf;F ,aw;ifiag; ghLnghUshff; nfhz;L ftp GidtJ vspikahapw;W. njhy;fhg;gpak; $Wk; Kjy; fU cupg;nghUs;fs; ,aw;if mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L gpupf;fg;gl;lit ftpQu;.,uh.utp ,aw;ifapd; kPJ kpFe;j <LghL nfhz;L kdpjDf;F Mf;fk; jUk;  ftpijfisg;; Gide;Js;shu;. ,tu; gy nrhy;yf; fhKWtu; kd;w khrw;w rpy nrhy;yhy; Njw;wtu; vDk; FwSf;F Vw;g %d;W tupfspy; tpupe;j nghUs; jUk; i`f;$ ftpijfisg;; ghb Gfo; ngw;Ws;shu;;. mtuJ ftpijfs; rpWJspapy; ngupa thdk; Nghd;w nghUisf; nfhz;litfshfj; jpfo;fpd;wd. mtupd; i`$ ftpijfspy; ,aw;if tUzidiaf; fhz;gjhf ,t;tha;T mikfpwJ.

i`f;$ ftpijfs; tpsf;fk;

i`f;$ – iff;$ my;yJ i`f;$ %d;W tupfspy; KiwNa 5> 7> 5 mirfs; vd 17 mirfisf; nfhz;L mikf;fg;gLk; ,iagw;w [g;ghdpa ftpij tbtk;. 17 Mk;  E}w;whz;by; ghNrh vd;gtu; ,jid NkYk; nkU$l;bdhu;.  mjdhy;> ,t;tbtk; jdpj;jd;ikaile;J tUfpd;wJ. jkpopy; I c – If;$> I – fLF> c – cyfk;> fLF Nghy rpwpa ftpij tbtpy; cyfshtpaf; fUj;Jf;fis nrwpTld; njupe;J itf;f ,lk; jUk; ftpij tbtk; If;$ vdg; nghUs; $Wtu;. jkpOf;Fj; Jd;gk; NeUk; Nghnjy;yhk; Fuy; nfhLf;Fk; xU ftpQu; vd;w Kiwapy; ,uh. utpapd; ftpijfis %d;W tupfspy; i`f;$ ftpijahf gilf;fpd;whu;. ftpijfis Gidtjpy; Nju;r;rp ngw;wtu; Mjp fhyr;RtYf;F Vw;g jkpopy; Mj;jpr;R+b ,yf;fpak; gilj;Js;shu;.  md;G nra; vdj; njhlq;Fk; tpjkhf 12 capu; vOj;Jf;fspy; jkpiog; Nghw;Wk; tpjkhf milahsg;gLj;Jfpd;whu;. jkpo; ,yf;fpaq;fis nrt;tdf; fw;Wj; Nju;e;J i`f;$ Kiwapy; tpsf;fpj; je;Js;shu;

,aw;if nrhy; tpsf;fk;

,aw;if vd;gJ ,ay;ghdJ kdpj rf;jpapy;yhky; jhNd Njhd;wpa nghUs;fs; midj;Jk; ,aw;if vdg;gLfpwJ ,jidj; njhy;fhg;gpak;

‘epyk;> ePu;> tsp> tpRk;NghL Ie;Jk;

fye;j kaf;fk; cyfk;”               (njhy; kuG – 90)

vd ,t;ite;Jk; ,ize;jJ cyfk; vd;W $WfpwJ. ,aw;if vd;w nrhy;ypw;F ‘,yf;fzk; ghd;ik Rghtk; tof;fk; epiyik nfhw;if “fof mfuhjp g.114) vd;W kdpjdhy; cz;lhf;fg;glhky; jhdhfNt fhzg;gLk;.

“,aw;ifg; nghUis ,w;nwdf; fpsj;jy;

nraw;ifg; nghUis Mf;fNkhL $wy;”

vdr; nrhy;yjpfhuj;jpy; ,aw;ifg; nghUisf; $w Ntz;ba Kiwapidf; $wpr; nrd;Ws;shu; njhy;fhg;gpau;.

tUzid tpsf;fk;  

gilg;ghsd; rpe;jidapy; Njhd;Wk; fhl;rpfisg; gbg;gtu;fspd; kdf;fz; Kd;G nfhz;L tUk; cj;jpia tUzid vd;gu;. fw;gidAk; tUzidAk; ,y;yhj gilg;G rpwe;j ,yf;fpakhfhJ ftpQu; ,uh.utpapd; i`f;$ ftpijfspy; tUzidfs; itukha; kpd;dpf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wd. ,tupd; tUzidia ,aw;if tUzid Ms; tUzid epyT> ,ltUzid vd tifg;gLj;j KbfpwJ.

“Ntapd; FoNyhL tpid Kjyh kdpju;

thapdpYk; ifyhYk; thrpf;Fk; gy;fUtp

vdg; ghujpahu; Fapy; ghl;by; ,aw;ifg; nghUl;fsplj;J neQ;irg; gwpnfhLj;j jd;ikiag; ghLfpd;whu;.

,aw;if tUzid

cyfpYs;s capupdq;fis capu;g;gpj;J tsu;g;gJ ,aw;if. ,t;tpaw;if cyfk; Njhd;wpg; gy;yhapuk; Mz;Lfs; fle;j gpd;Gk; jd; moF eyd; Fd;wp mope;J Nghfhky; ,Uf;fpd;w mofpa fhl;rpfisf; fz;L urpf;ff; fz;fs; ,uz;L NghjhJ vd;fpwhu; ftpQu; ,uh. utp. 

“kwe;J tpLfpNwhk;

Neuk; nrhy;tij

moif urpf;ifapy;”    (i`f;$ Kjw;Nw cyF ,g. 43)

vd tUk; ftpij tupfspy; ,aw;if urpf;f ,uz;L fz;fs; NghJkhdjhf ,y;iynad;Wk; moiff; fz;L urpf;Fk; NghJ Neuk; Nghtij kwe;J tpLfpd;Nwhk; vd;fpwhu; ftpQu;. 

epytpd; xsp Kfk;  

vy;iyapy;yh thdj;jpy; jdpj;J epd;W Ml;rp GupAk; epyitf; ftpQu;fs; jq;fsJ fw;gid tsj;jpw;F Vw;g kfpo;e;Js;sdu;;. gy tz;zk; nfhz;l ntz;zpyit vj;jid Kiw ghu;j;jhYk; rypg;G Njhd;wtpy;iy vd;fpwhu; ftpQu; ,uh. utp. 

“rypf;ftpy;iy

vj;jid Kiw ghu;j; jhYk; epyT” (Map)

vd thdpilj; Njhd;Wk; jz;zpyitg; ghLfpd;whu;. fw;fhyk; njhlq;fp fzpdp fhyk; tiu ftpQu;fSf;F epyT mKjRugpNghy; ghlg; ghlg; Gjpa rpj;jid tsj;ij jUtijf; fhzKbfpwJ.

“grpNahL ghu;g;gtDf;F Njhir eP!

gutrj;NjhL ghu;g;gtDf;F ghy; epyh eP!

vdg; ghu;g;gtupd; vz;zq;fSf;F Vw;g ,d;gk; jUk; epyitg; ghLfpd;whu;. moFk; ,dpikAk; epytplk;  fypelk;Gupaf; fhz;fpwhu;.Nkfk; moFf;F moF Nru;f;Fk; tpjj;jpy; epyTf;F ctik epyT kl;LNk vd;fpwhu;. khjq;fspy; xU Kiw  mkhthirahf  xspia kiwj;Jk; kw;nwhU Kiw  ngsu;zkpahf kpFe;j  xspiaj; jkf;Fj; je;J cyfk; ca;a epyh tyk; tUfpwJ. NkYk; thdpYs;s epyit xsptPRk; cNyhfq;fspy; xd;whd nghd;dhff; fhz;fpwhu;.

“tPrpaJ ahNuh

thdj;jpy;

nghd;id”

vdg;ghLtijf; fhzKbfpwJ. kw;nwhU ftpQu; epyitg; gw;wp ieahz;bf; ftpij Gidfpd;whu;.

“tpl;nlwpe;j ,l;lypNah

fl;b itj;j goQ;NrhNwh  

Mt;……………

cwf;fk; tUJ grpia kwf;f”

vdf; ftpQupd; fz;fSf;F epyT ,l;ypahfTk; fl;Lr;NrhwhfTk; fhg;japuhfTk; mg;gskhfTk; fhl;rp jUtl`;f eifr;Ritahfg;gLfpd;whu;. ,tu;fSf;F NkNy ghujpjhrd; thdj;J epyit tUzpf;Fk; tpjk; gbg;gtiug; gutrg;gLj;jptpLfpwJ.  

“ePythd Milf;Fs; cly; kiwj;J

epyhntd;W fhl;Lfpd;wha; xspKfj;ijf; 

Nfhy KOJk; fhl;btpl;lhy;  

fdy; khwpf; Fspuile;j xspg;gpok;Ngh! …

vd epyit nrhu;f;fnts;spg; ghw;Flkhff; fhz;fpd;whu;.  

thdj;jpd; gutrk;

,aw;ifg; ghly;fspd;; top ,d;GWj;JtNjhL> mwpTWj;jTk; nra;fpd;whu;fs;. ftpQu; ,uh.utp thdk; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpw;F ,izahfg; gy tho;tpay; ghlq;fisf; fw;Wj; jUtjhfg;ghLfpd;fpwhu;.

“xt;nthU NeuKk;

xt;nthU tz;zk;

thdk;”                – i`f;$ cyh g. 3 

,aw;ifaplkpUe;J kdpjd; fw;Wf;nfhs;s Ntz;ba ghlq;fs; mjpfk; vd;W ghNte;ju; ghujpjhrd; mofpd; rpupg;gpy; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;whu;.  

“vj;jid ngupa thdk;

vz;zpg;ghu; cd;idAk; ePNa

,j;jiu nfha;ahg; gpQ;R

ePajpy; rpw;nwWk;Ng …         – ghujpjhrd; mofpd; rpupg;G gh. 37

,g;ghly; tupfspy; tho;tpay; ghlj;jpidf; fw;Wj; jUfpd;whu; ftpQu;;.

fly;:

cyfk; ehd;F Gwq;fspYk; flyhy; R+og;gl;lJ. epyj;ij tpl mstpYk; gug;gpYk; msg;gupajha;f; flNy jpfo;fpwJ. 

“miyfs; ,y;yhj flYk; cz;L, miyfs; jhd; flYf;F moF”                          (nt. tp. 90)

miy fly; nghq;fp vOe;J tUtij miyfspd; jhfk; mwpitf; fly; mwptjpy;iy mwpatpy;iy. mwpe;jpUe;jhy; MWjyhfp ,Uf;Fk;. fly; miyfs; fliyf; flf;f KaYk; NghJ Njhy;tp mile;J kPz;Lk; flYf;Fs; jpUk;Gk; Nguhop. fliyj;  jhz;b epyg;gug;gpw;F te;J moptptpid Vw;gLj;JfpwJ.                  

“nts;spg;gdp kiyapd; kPJ cyhTNthk;

Nkiyf; fly; KOtJk; fg;gy; tpLNthk;’’

vd;w ghujpapd; tupf;ff;Nfw;g fly; ,aw;if ,d;gk; jUtJ kl;Lky;yhJ fg;giyr; nrYj;jp tzpftsk; ngWtjw;Fk; JizGupfpd;wJ.    

jz;zPUf;F ,uf;fk;

ahJk; CNu ahtUk; Nfspu; vdg; ghb cyf xw;Wikf;F tpj;jpl;ltu; fzpad; G+q;Fd;wdu;.  mtiug; Nghy; cwtpdu;fshfpa ekf;Fs;; rz;ilapl;L jhf;fpf; nfhs;StJ klik vd;fpwhu; ftpQu;.,uh.utp. ‘xNu thdk; xNu G+kp’ vd;gu;. xNu thdj;jpdpd;W nghopAk; kioePUk; midtUf;Fk; nghJthdJ. mjidg; gq;fpl;Lf; nfhs;Stjpy; rz;ilfs; Ntz;lhk;. rkhjhdNk cyif ca;tpf;Fk; xNu top vd;fpd;whu;.    

“rpWJsp ngUnts;sk; vd;gJ cz;ik

rpjwhky; Nrfupg;gJ tsik”            (ftpaKjk. 111)               

Mz;L KOtjpYk; ,uz;L khjq;fs; kl;LNk kio ngUfpwJk; mk;kio ePiur; Nrkpj;J itj;jpUe;jhy;; ehl;Lf;Fk; tPl;Lf;Fk; gad; tpisAk;. jz;zPug;;  gQ;rk; Vw;glhJ. njhiyNehf;Fk; ghu;itapy; Fsq;fisj; J}u;thup  mizf;fl;Lfs; %yk; Nrkpj;Jitf;fyhk;. ,jdhy; tUq;fhyj; jiyKiw tskpf;f Njrj;ijf; fz;L ,d;GWtu;.

Ms; tUzid

if itj;J ehw;W el;Lf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;whu;fs; kUj epy coj;jpau; ,f;fhl;rp ftpQu; ,uh ,utpapd; cs;sj;jpy; Njhw;Wtpj;j czu;T Ms; tUizahf tbntLj;Js;sJ.

“,Uf;fyhk; Nriyapy; moFf;F      

,y;iy kdj;jpy; mOf;F

ehw;W ehLk; ngz;fs;” 

vd ehw;W eLk; ngz;fis tUzid nra;fpd;whu;. NkYk;> mg;ngz;fs; Fdpe;J ehw;W el;ljhy; fjpu;fs; tpise;jd. nghUshjhuj;jpy; ehL tsu;e;jJ vd Kuz; Rit kpsu i`f;$ ftpij gilf;fpd;whu;. ,utp

“ePq;fs; Fdpe;J el;ljhy;

tpise;jd fjpu;fs;

epkpu;e;jJ ehL”

vdg; ghLtJ fUj;jpy; nfhs;sj;jf;fJ   

KbTiu

kiy>fly;> thd; ePu;> kio> kz; Nghd;witfisf; fhl;Lg; nghUshf kl;Lkpd;wp fUj;Jg; nghUshfTk; Mz;L cs;shu; ftpQu;.,uh.utp. ftpij rpwg;Gf;FupaJ. kf;fs; ed;fwpe;j ,aw;ifg; nghUl;fis fUj;J tpsf;fj;jpw;F gad;gLj;jpAs;s ftpQupd; jpwd; rpwg;Gilj;J. kdpjd; tho;ehs; KOtJk; vt;tsT miye;jhYk; mtDf;F mikjp ey;fty;yJ ,aw;ifNa ehk; ,d;Gw;W tho top nra;fpwJ vd;W ftpQu; ftpijfspd; %yk; tUzpj;Js;sijf; fhz KbfpwJ.

ghHit E}y;fs;

i`f;$ Kjw;Nw cyF – ftpQu; ,uh.utp> thdjp gjpg;gfk; 23> jPdjahs njU> jp.efu;> nrd;id> jkpo; ehL> ,e;jpah.

njhy;fhg;gpak; %yKk; fUj;JiuAk; – jkpoz;zy;> nry;yg;gh gjpg;gfk;> 48> jhd Kjyp njU> kJiu> jkpo; ehL.

Mapuk; i`f;$ – ftpQu; ,uh.utp. thdjp gjpg;gfk;> 23 jPdjahs njU> jp.efu;> nrd;id> jkpo; ehL> ,e;jpah.

ntspr;r tpijfs; – ftpQu; ,uh.utp> thdjp gjpg;gfk;> 23 jPdjahs njU> jp.efu;> nrd;id> jkpo; ehL> ,e;jpah. 

ftpaKjk;> ftpQu; uh.utp> thdjp gjpg;gfk;> 23 jPdjahs njU> jp.efu;> nrd;id–17> jkpo; ehL> ,e;jpah.

ghujpjhrd; ghly;fs; – (mofpd; rpupg;G g.37)> jkpo; ehL> ,e;jpah.

i`f;$ cyh – ftpQu; ,uh.utp> thdjp gjpg;gfk;> 23 jPdjahs njU> jp.efu;> nrd;id – 17> jkpo; ehL> ,e;jpah.

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